鰹節 （かつおぶし / katsuobushi）
Dried bonito flakes
Katsuobushi is dried, smoked bonito, known as the hardest food in the world. It is shaved to make “dashi,” the umami-rich broth essential to Japanese cuisine.
When / How to Eat
Used for making dashi soup stock or as a topping for tofu and okonomiyaki. Adds a smoky umami depth.
Cultural Background
Katsuobushi has been valued since the Edo period as both a seasoning and a luxury gift. Makurazaki in Kagoshima remains a leading production area.
Cautions
Keep dry and airtight, as humidity ruins its flavor. Freshly shaved flakes have the best aroma.